Apparatus and process for cooling vehicles



C. W. McCUY.

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR comma VEHICLES.

APPUCA'HON FILED OCT, 30. I916.

Patented June 1,

MUM KhQr/ea/I'MK y, W 4 044- v-z CHARLES W. MOODY. OF SPRAGUE, WASHINGTON.

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR COOLING- VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 1, 1920.

Application filed October 30, 1916. Serial No. 128,613.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Cnannns \V. McCoY,

a citizen of the United States, residing at S )rague, in the county of Lincoln and State oi Washington, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus and Processes for oolin 1 Vehicles, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to a process and apparatus for cooling apartments, and has for its object to provide a new and improved process and apparatus for this purpose. The invention is particularly adapted to be used in connection with refrigerator cars or vehicles, or vessels, that is, with moving apartments. In the use of refrigerator cars it is exceedingly desirable and important to secure a substantially uniform temperature throughout the interior of the car. With the presentrefrigerating cars this cannot be done, as the circulation produced is unnatural and non-uniform. By means of'the resent device, a natural and substantially uniform circulation is secured and hence a substantially uniform temperature is provided throughout the car. In the present device I have also illustrated appa ratus by means of which the movement of the car or other vehicle is utilized to circulate the cooling agent. In the refrigerating apparatus now used on cars, tanks are placed at the ends of the cars, said tanks containing ice and salt. When the ice melts under these conditions a temperature is produced at the ends of the car, which is entirely too low, being under certain conditions in the neighborhood of zero Fahrenheit. This low temperature either destroys or injures the perishable material near the tanks and there must be proi ig'led some protective means against this in ury, such as an interposed gate or barrier 1 some kind. In these systems, the temperature near the middle of the car is not low enough, and hence the perishable material near the middle of the car is not cooled sufliciently and is liable to be injured because of the higher temperature.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide .a process and apparatus for regulating the temperature of apartments wherein there is a reserve of temperature varying material which is rendered inoperative so for as varying the temperature of apartments 15 concerned while it is held in reserve, and then withdrawingfrom this reserve as required to maintain the temperature of the apartment substantially at the temperature esired as by insulating the receptacle in which the reserve temperature varying material is contained and then passing it through an insulated pipe or pipes so that it acts while in this ipe or pipes to re mlate the temperature 0? the apartment.

[his invention also has for its object to economize the consumption of ice or other cooling agent and lgreatly increasing the efliciency thereof. his system also permits the cars to be made of greater length, still have the temperature properly equalized, thereby producing a further possibilityof increase of eiiiciency and reduction of cost in the transportation of perishable foodstuffs. The invention is particularly adapted for use in refrigerating apparatus to be used to preserve perishable freights in transportation from one point to another.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein.

Figure 1 is a'vlew of an apparatus particularly adapted to be used in refrigerating cars;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the circulatory system;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a. diagrammatic view showing the circulation of the air;

I Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a modificatlon.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

Referring now to the drawings, I have shown a plurality of tanks 1, 2, 3 and 4. The tanks 1 and 2 are located near one end of the car and the tanks 3 and 4 near the other end of the car. In the particular con= struction shown, the tanks 1 and 2 are made in a single structure divided by a partition 5 so as to form two tanks. The tanks 3 and 4 are made in the same manner and divided by a partition 6. The partitions 5 and 6 are provided with one or more valves 7, which are ulhpted to open in one direction only,

illl l aha-h are apt-mil in this ilireirtinn by the priwure ml the liquil all one mile. therent. illlll llilhtil la the pressure t the llqtllll on the other siile therein; thus prewnting a |-arl r-a1altlnwnftlnliquid. These! \alwas may in l'uruawl in any ilwireil manner, and a iii-rein lamrir. wuhist Ml llllil nl' material the prnper nix tn l-luw lll'l' opening c0n- [rullecl lhere iy. anil hing il at H an as to nn-re freely in uue ilirerlinn uinler the {HTS- uure ml the liipuil lu uni-aver the upening and pi rnlii lln lluu nl' lllilllll lli\l'l'lli!4)llf "ll hut in flllf will an in prer n! ha-"lta'arll llnw of llw liqnhl. I aim prel'er tn prm iile nu earh -l lv ill the partuinns 3 Mi l #3 the wreenu ll. l'la'w --reen prevent in ice. when ire is aw] in the tanks. l'rnin intruding m" in luring th valve; lint permit the free llow l llsi liquid? The tank: 12 illlii l are (mlue teil lug 'llui' in a pipe il while the tanks lainl l are eunnwtwl ingether i a pipe 11. i llU Z1l\ T are arraugeil 1: that the liquill lml alway lien in the same lirertiim iln'wigh the \U\'IP!IL llie a paratin farming m it ere. i! vnnlplele virwulalivry ltem. Win-n th whit-iv i'- naming. it is mulling in si=le tn si li- :Hwi l'ruui (ll l In einl, an-l lliifi Hawking mnliun prmiin'es ii (:Uhiliuh in the E l'i .--lll'l' ml the liipiiil in ililleienl parts nl' {l e qsten rlslmlhln in llll' nnn'emenl at ihe tanlw. th rein raining an aulunnitie l liiiiilliflll ml the liipiill through the syn ten: in a PM"alllll'liiilitl u'irwliun respnnsinin the rariati uw in pressure utilizing he lmrerml prr arv n that part 0f the syn l ui fr in lll 'l! the ui -eil li piiil raine anal the in reauml preamre that part of the Sh-i'il!) in \Yliii ilae n'm'wl liquiil is I'e ren'wl tn ilifilllli {hi i'uruaiel movement of the liquiil in th gush-art e ualize the irlFFllltS.

Referring now tn Fig. if? for example. the ear I'Mhfi :hat lanlfi '3 am! it are low er -n. :iznl tanhe l anil l liilfitll. liquiil will gnaw f'riun tank 1 into tank 2 thrnugh the valve T. ainl Till" ralveu hetween tanks; l are i'ippm-zitely' plzn-eil in liaise hetween when i Ifllll J Nu that th li ui l rannnt pass; from tank lin tank I1 hut ran pans from tank tn tank l. There will llu'relore he no li(|- uiil pausing: rum tank -l in lanlt I uruler lhvrrlnililinm iu l nn-nl'iuneel. ll" now the ear tips in the miller clirei-tirm in lower tilllih i and l auil raise tanks :3 an l I. the \ilres T lvlween l'aulw l and L are i'lnseil and the Valves between faults i anil 3 and 4 nien in permit liquiil in paw from tank 3 in I nl; l. Liquiel will also pass 'l'rnni tank 3 to fanl-I .l clue tn the inereaseil level or prea 53m: in tank L. Liquid will also pan f'rnm tank 1 in tanl; 1 In i'eplave the liquid prerinusly ilis'vliargell therel'rum. 1f, nun: the ea S'Hilfi hark in the m1 her ilireil'inn. liqniil will pass from tank l in tank 2, but the *alves T will prevent its passage lrmn ifllli lto tank 3. It will thus be seen that this nperatiun will be repeated and a fUIWlH'll ('irrnlatimi of the liquid seeureil hy the mul'emcr-nt at the ear 215 it travels ailing the nan-k it will further la- Reen that thin HlQYE'mEHl'lS a waste lHHYtH'llHl and ii i is this waste movement whirl; eauseu th eirt-ulatiun.

I prefer to insulate tanks 1. 2. l anal l on the human: and the sides by same heat in snlating material 215. altlmugli the hntllua M the tanks 0! a pnrtinn tlierenl' may la} a llli' out insulatinn a at 1:2, Fig. 13. if iieairaifi for l e-airing a unilurm teni wratme in Ha ear. The lHiHh Ill and ll are wunparatiwly large and are u? t-azllieient diameter in aware the. prnper milling eflrel at the eenter til the ear aiul the prnper unil mnlily ul' temperature. l3 making: thew pipes ml the size there is alaer pr nhleil a (lli'iiltiii ik when the ear in stinnlingr still ililt' 2 ul fereln'en in temperature. This 1l3*" lL"= is liruught aimni lay th l art that iiiain tiauln-i are insulatril and tin- Hlllli'l'l..l i l in. therein ES nut useil ler lem wralnre 1 pnrpnws lhere 1S prm'ulezl a reserve ,Iw

l(l|l] kl'11llill varying material; material in the pipes lit-rural; temperature the u'ai'mrr !1i:ll "l l'up ml the pipm anil linu's thermallir i'ulilri material 511m [u ilu lull ire :Hill Hill in the tanks. the nu-ltizm a l ill;- iee prmlui any a illlll hrine wlueh lilies thrnugl: the le1n. Ur. l may simply nser! :1 will lllillll iutu the tanks, sin-l1 lllilllll heing malwl to the ll-llt'1l tempemtme at ili'll'erent puints alung the mail. hr any illsirell 'I)Ull!l;f apparatus. and injerual intn the tanks at these points as {he earn travel alnn; the rmnl. It will he seen that hr pl'flpt'l'ly insulating the tauk the ll'HIllTlL' ell'er't is p'aetiallly limiteil tn the ipes l1 and 11. which extend snhsmntiallr tie length 01' the -ar m the apartment. in he treated. l niler these eunilitiuns the air at the top of the '11 all along the ear will he muleil lay these pipes that is. lUYQ'Z'UIl in temperature. and under the natural la a at eireulatinn thin ennleil air will drop lo the hottnm of the ear and at the same time the warmer air in the ar will. rise in the ln-p thereof as intlieated iliagramnmtivali v in Fig. 4, aml this warmer air (11min; iilln 'ni'h tart with the pipes 1 and 11 will lie luu ered in temperature. while the I'Hllit'l' air whieh lll'llpfi tn the hnttnm 0f the ar will under natural mmlitiuns he raisell in [run pe 'ature. the tooled warm air again ill-u ping and the armeil (mil air again rising thus producing a natural nnifurm vireulallli tion throughout thecar" and hence a substantially uniform temperature throughout the car.

I have described in detail a particular construction embodyin the invention, but it is of course evident t atilthe parts may be varied in many particular and I therefore do not limit myself to th, particular construction shown.

It will be noted in the use of temperaturevarying devices where the tem erature is regulated through a comparatively long period, it is necessary to have mo'retemperatum-varying material or fluid than is re quired to be used at any given time, and this excess or surplus material is one of the causes of the trouble and defectiveness of such devices, for when this surplus or excess portion of the temperature-varying material is unprotected so that it acts while in the receptacle in which it is contained so that the receptacle with this excess material therein, acts to va temperature, it wil be seen that certain evil results are produced, namely, that the temerature is varied to too great a de en, and 1s brought lower than is require because more material is used at a 'ven time than is required to produce the esired temperature and also that the temperature-var ing effectiveness is used up too rapidly. ow it will be noted that by means of this process and apparatus I overcome these difliculties, for instead of having a surplus or excess of material which is acting substantiall at all times, I provide'a reserve, that is, rovide a quantity of temperaturecontro ling material and protect it so that it is not acting, and I draw from this reserve as re uired fl secure the desired temperature. his reserve is secured by providin storage places .in which the reserve may he kept and protected by suitable insulation, the arrangement being such that at any given time, only each portion of the material is in efi'cct used, or in use, as is required to secure the proper temperature at the articular time of use, the storage rcceptac e or receptacles being drawn upon as required to maintain the proper temperature. By this means I am enabled to prevent temperatures that are too low and also revent undue variation of temperature, and i am also able to reserve or store up the temperature-varying power so as to maintain it for a very considerable length of time, thusnot only securin greatly improved results but very great y increase the eflicicncy of the dvice.

I claim:

1. An ap aratus for regulating the temperature 0 a artments comprising separated receptac es for receiving the temperature varying material, the exposed sur aces or assist in varying the be regulated, means for rendering the tem-.-

perature varying mnterial inoperative in regulatm sulated ipe or pipes connected with said rece tac e and through which the brine due to t e melting of the ice and salt is circlr lated, the coolin effect of the apparatus being substantial y confined to the liquid brine in the uninsulated pipe or pipes.

3. A device for regulating the temperature of vehicles comprising a tank at each end of the vehicle, a partition extending across each tank, a valve in each partition, the valve in one partition opening in one direction and the valve in the other partition opening in the opposite direction, pipes connectin thesections of said tank on opposite si es of said partitions, and guards 'iin opposite sides of each partition for protectin said valves.

4. he process of regulating the temper ture of an apartment which consists in providing a reserve of salt, ice, and brine located in the apartment, the temperature of which is to be regulated, and rendering this reserve substantially inoperative so far as regulating the temperature of the apartment is concerned, while it is held in. reserve, and then withdrawing cold brine from the reserve and utilizing this cold brine in liquid form to maintain the temperature of .the apartment substantially at the temperature required.

'5. The process of regulating the temperature of an apartment which consists in providing separated sources of supply of cold brine near the top of thc apartment and at opposite ends thereof, rcndcring said brine substantially inoperative in regulating the tomperatures of the apartment while confined to said sources of supply, and circulating the brine back and forth bclwccn the sources of supply and confining llN cooling effect on said apartmcnt to the hrinc u'hilc circulating between said sources of supply,

6. The process oi regulating thc iclnpcl'nture in an apartment which con ists in pr viding a reserve of tempcraturc varying |n:|- tcrial located in said apnrlznu-ul, lhc icinthe temperature of said apartment, while it IS in said receptacle, an uninperuture of which is to he rcgulau-d, and l'vmlcring this rusurvu 01' Lmnpurnture varying nmtur'ml inulwnltivv sn fill 11s varying Hm teln rcl'ulnru of thv apartment -On rvrnml whilu it is iu-hl in I'tf-H'I'VU, :uul. tlu-n withlhmving from this rmurvv as required, uml virvuluting'snid \x'itlu'lj'nwu tmnpvfaturv varying maturia] through a portion 01' said apartment to maintain the tcmpm'utln'u of the apartment subslantinfl It the u-ampurutul'e desired, am] returning the Le1 n1)e;l'utL1m varying muLuria] to said reserve after it'lms luwnutjljzwl in Assisting to maintain the pp rt mcnl at the temperature desired In testigqgny \\'lu;1'euf,1. aifix my signature 15 in Llm presencu 01' two witnesses this sixth (lily of h'uplmnlwr, I916.

UHARLES W. M0001. 

